Define Your own Path Ride Beyond Boundaries
24kW
Maximum Power
3.53kWh
Battery Capacity
320.4ft-lb
Max. Torque (on wheel)
55.92mph
Top Speed
67.11miles@25mph
Max Range
1.8s(0-31mph)
Acceleration
Become a dealer
Light Bee 2 X NA——SURRON Next-Generation Light-weight Performance Electric off-road Motorcycle.
24kW,143.3lb No More Compromise Between Lightweight Handling and Powerful Performance. Swift and agile, with millisecond-level control.
![Curb weight</br>143.3lb – the lightest in the <span>20kW</span> category]()
Curb weight143.3lb – the lightest in the 20kW category![At a constant speed of <span>24.85mph</span>, the maximum range reaches up to <span>67.11mi</span> under our more practical testing standard</br>At a constant speed of <span>15.53mph</span>, the maximum range reaches up to <span>99.42mi</span> under the industry’s conventional testing standard</br>Expand the edge of what’s possible. The journey has no finish line]()
At a constant speed of 24.85mph, the maximum range reaches up to 67.11mi under our more practical testing standardAt a constant speed of 15.53mph, the maximum range reaches up to 99.42mi under the industry’s conventional testing standardExpand the edge of what’s possible. The journey has no finish line
![Powerful Performance</br>Delivers up to <span>24kW</span> of peak power</br><span>320.4ft-lb</span> of wheel torque]()
Powerful PerformanceDelivers up to 24kW of peak power320.4ft-lb of wheel torque![Smart Experience</br>SRTC off-road traction control, power characteristic settings, cruise control, and various other electronic control functions]()
Smart ExperienceSRTC off-road traction control, power characteristic settings, cruise control, and various other electronic control functions
![Aggressive Acceleration</br>0–31mph in just <span>1.8s</span></br>0– 50mph in a mere <span>3.43s</span>]()
Aggressive Acceleration0–31mph in just 1.8s0– 50mph in a mere 3.43s![Top Speed</br>Max speed reaches 55.92mph]()
Top SpeedMax speed reaches 55.92mph
![Large Battery Capacity</br>78.54V / 45Ah, 3.53kWh]()
Large Battery Capacity78.54V / 45Ah, 3.53kWh![Next-Gen Powertrain</br>Powered by the EVO-2 system & Bee Matrix powertrain architecture]()
Next-Gen PowertrainPowered by the EVO-2 system & Bee Matrix powertrain architecture
![Easy Wheelie</br>Fully unleashed SWC function makes wheelies intuitive and controllable]()
Easy WheelieFully unleashed SWC function makes wheelies intuitive and controllable![Next-Gen Connectivity</br>Brand-new cellphone APP, brand-new control experience]()
Next-Gen ConnectivityBrand-new cellphone APP, brand-new control experience
Come with the Light bee 2
Dedicated Torque Tool Kit
Professional support for your ride
Engineered to ensure every adjustment is dialed in with accuracy, delivering factory-level precision and confidence for every ride.
·Genuine OEM kit·Compact integrated storage
·"Light bee 2" customized·Precision fitment
·All routine maintenance needs·Premium quality
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Lightweight agility is your advantage; Power delivers the thrill.
Forged Strong. Built Strong.
The intergrated forged frame eliminates unnecessary complexity, replacing multiple welded sections with a cleaner, stronger structure. The result is sharper precision, improved load management, and a more refined appearance. At the same weight, the chassis delivers significantly greater strength and rigidity. Frame strength is up 50% over the original Light Bee, while swingarm torsional rigidity has doubled, giving riders a more planted and confidence-inspiring ride wherever the trail leads.
An integrated forged frame structure marks a total evolutionary leap in precision, rigidity, and toughness.
The iconic "Bee" design evolves: razor-sharp, ultra-agile, and radiating pure, raw, hardcore vibes.
![Blending the nimble spirit of the Light Bee with the aggressive attitude of the Ultra Bee. Striking, confident, and instantly recognizable, it commands attention wherever it goes—and remains unforgettable long after it passes.]( "Evolved")
Evolved "Bee Family" DNABlending the nimble spirit of the Light Bee with the aggressive attitude of the Ultra Bee. Striking, confident, and instantly recognizable, it commands attention wherever it goes—and remains unforgettable long after it passes.
![At just 143.3lb curb weight, every gram removed creates more room for performance. Lighter weight doesn't mean less capability—it means extra possible power, and more responds instantly to your input. Whether threading through trees, attacking corners, or launching off jumps, the bike follows your every command with razor-sharp precision.]( "A Powerful Light")
A Powerful LightAt just 143.3lb curb weight, every gram removed creates more room for performance. Lighter weight doesn't mean less capability—it means extra possible power, and more responds instantly to your input. Whether threading through trees, attacking corners, or launching off jumps, the bike follows your every command with razor-sharp precision.
Lower Center of Gravity. Raise the Confidence.
With the new motor that's 0.51in slimmer and the new battery positioned 0.79in lower, the Light Bee 2 carries its center of mass lower and closer to the center of the bike. Quicker handling, improved stability, and more control, more confidence on every ride.
Break Free Begins with Less Weight.
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An All-New Power Experience:
Still a "Light Bee", now hides a beast within.
What others see as rough terrain, you see as open ground.
Ferocious Power
Instantaneous burst of 24kW (32.6 PS） and 302.4ft-lb of wheel torque. The power-to-weight ratio reaches an incredible 0.5PS/kg, approaching 1G of acceleration, twist the throttle, feel the punch.
![*These results are traction and wheel-lift limited, not by the capability of the powertrain.</br>At 52.82mph, the Light Bee 2 can still power-wheelie under throttle alone. The torque never fades. The response never hesitates. The power is always on demand.]( "<span>1-31mph 1.8s</span> 0-50mph 3.43s")
1-31mph 1.8s 0-50mph 3.43s*These results are traction and wheel-lift limited, not by the capability of the powertrain.At 52.82mph, the Light Bee 2 can still power-wheelie under throttle alone. The torque never fades. The response never hesitates. The power is always on demand.
ALL-NEW EVO-2 POWERTRAIN STRUCTURE
Power in Reserve. Confidence on Demand.
Behind the Light Bee 2's stable and reliable 24 kW peak output come from a motor engineered with significant performance headroom. More reserve means more confidence, more control, and more capability when pushing through challenging off-road conditions.
*Maximum peak power 35kW achieved during controlled testing conducted by SURRON R&D team.
![The EVO-2 motor features advanced hairpin winding technology. The result is a compact motor design that supports increased efficiency, effective thermal performance, and refined NVH characteristics for smoother, quieter operation.]( "Hairpin Winding Motor Technology")
Hairpin Winding Motor TechnologyThe EVO-2 motor features advanced hairpin winding technology. The result is a compact motor design that supports increased efficiency, effective thermal performance, and refined NVH characteristics for smoother, quieter operation.
![Optimized winding architecture and a high slot-fill factor contribute to a motor weight of just 14.3 lb. Reduced end-winding height helps minimize mass while maintaining high power density, delivering an exceptional power-to-weight ratio.]( "Lightweight by Design")
Lightweight by DesignOptimized winding architecture and a high slot-fill factor contribute to a motor weight of just 14.3 lb. Reduced end-winding height helps minimize mass while maintaining high power density, delivering an exceptional power-to-weight ratio.![The integrated reduction gearbox delivers direct and efficient power transmission while supporting higher load capacity. The compact structure is engineered to reduce drivetrain noise, enhance system durability, and minimize maintenance requirements.]( "Integrated Reduction Gearbox")
Integrated Reduction GearboxThe integrated reduction gearbox delivers direct and efficient power transmission while supporting higher load capacity. The compact structure is engineered to reduce drivetrain noise, enhance system durability, and minimize maintenance requirements.
Centrifugal Oil-Bath Cooling System
The cooling system uses centrifugal oil circulation to transfer heat away from the stator windings and permanent magnets, improving heat dissipation throughout the motor assembly, the system can helps maintain consistent performance during prolonged high-load riding.
Power Evolution
Smaller. Stronger. Faster.
Compared with the 2025 Light Bee.
decrease 9% (6.1→5.59in)
Motor Diameter
increase 15% (25.08ft-lb → 28.76ft-lb)
Motor Torque
increase 67% (5,200→8,700rpm)
Maximum Motor Speed
increase 200% (8→24kW)
Peak Power
increase 54% (196.19 ft-lb → 302.4ft-lb)
Wheel Torque
The Light Bee 2 is capable of maintaining maximum torque all the way up to 34.18 mph
Even at 55.92mph, it still produces more torque than the maximum torque output of the 2025 Light Bee.
At 37.28 mph, the Light Bee 2 delivers 3.2 times the power and torque of the 2025 Light Bee.
At 43.5mph, that advantage grows to 5 times the power and torque of the 2025 Light Bee.
Bee Matrix Controller
Engineered for Maximum Control.
Built for Relentless Performance.
Engineered for Maximum Control. Built for Relentless Performance. The Bee Matrix Controller is designed around a completely re-engineered power architecture that prioritizes current balance, thermal efficiency, and high-power reliability. Its unique "Bee matrix" circuit layout incorporates a full laminated copper busbar structure, ultra-low-resistance 2.1 mΩ MOSFET power devices, and automotive-grade vacuum reflow soldering technology. Together, these technologies improve current distribution across the system, reduce heat generation, and enhance overall durability under extreme loads. The result is faster response, more consistent power delivery, and greater confidence when pushing the bike to its limits. Whether holding top speed, continuous full-throttle acceleration, climbing technical terrain, or even riding all the way down to 5% battery SoC, the Bee Matrix Controller is engineered to maintain stable performance with exceptional thermal control.
7 Ride Modes. Endless Possibilities.
Define How Your Bike Delivers Power.
Adjust power output, torque delivery, speed limits, regenerative braking, and more to create a setup tailored to your riding style and terrain. You can even replicate the power delivery characteristics of other motorcycles, transforming the Light Bee 2 into exactly the machine you want it to be.
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Reliability Isn't a Feature. It's the Foundation.
Semisolid-state Battery
Developed in partnership with one of the leading semisolid-state battery developers Qingtao Energy, the Light Bee 2 features a high-performance semisolid-state battery pack designed specifically for the platform. By significantly reducing electrolyte content and utilizing an optimized electrolyte formulation, the battery delivers enhanced energy density while also improving power density and low-temperature performance. The result is more than extended range. Riders benefit from stronger power delivery, improved cold-weather operation, and consistent performance across a wider range of riding conditions.
Qingtao Energy is one of the leading developers/manufacturers of solid-state and semisolid-state battery technology. Its battery systems have been adopted by multiple major automotive manufacturers and are currently used in mass-production vehicles.
Built for Consistency, Performance Without Fade
Instead of aggressively pushing the battery cells’ design limitation to achieve a brief surge of performance only when fully charged—always to see output drop significantly as the battery depletes—a well-engineered system prioritizes consistency, safety, and long-term durability. Forget the stereotype that electric motorcycles only perform at their best with a full battery. The Light Bee 2 is engineered to deliver a consistent riding experience across the battery's usable charge range, maintaining predictable power delivery and control when it matters most.
Tested by the Sur-Ron R&D Lab
The Light Bee 2 delivers near-identical acceleration performance at full charge and at 30% battery level, with no noticeable difference in riding conditions.
Acceleration
100% Battery Acceleration Time
（T Mode）
30% Battery Acceleration Time
（T Mode）
0-6 mi
0.3 s
0.4 s
0-12 mi
0.6 s
0.7 s
0-19 mi
1 s
1.18 s
0-25 mi
1.4 s
1.55 s
0-31 mi
1.8 s
1.96 s
0-37 mi
2.3 s
2.43 s
0-43 mi
2.4 s
2.94 s
0-50 mi
3.43 s
3.6 s
0-56 mi
4.28 s
4.54 s
Tested Maximum Speed
57.17 mph
57.04 mph
![With 3.53 kWh of energy and a weight of just 32.85lb, this compact battery pack delivers serious performance. High-density cells reach up to 320 Wh/kg, while the complete battery pack achieves 237 Wh/kg — making every gram count toward longer range.]( "Big Power in a Compact Pack")
Big Power in a Compact PackWith 3.53 kWh of energy and a weight of just 32.85lb, this compact battery pack delivers serious performance. High-density cells reach up to 320 Wh/kg, while the complete battery pack achieves 237 Wh/kg — making every gram count toward longer range.![Continuous 7C discharge. Lower resistance. Lower heat rising. More endurance under heavy duty loads. With up to 1,200 charge cycles, the battery more than doubles the lifespan of common 21700 power cells rated at 500 cycles — giving you years more ride time than ordinary batteries. Protected to IP67 standards, it stands up to rain, mud, and rough terrain. When the road gets wild, it’s ready.]( "Built Tough")
Built ToughContinuous 7C discharge. Lower resistance. Lower heat rising. More endurance under heavy duty loads. With up to 1,200 charge cycles, the battery more than doubles the lifespan of common 21700 power cells rated at 500 cycles — giving you years more ride time than ordinary batteries. Protected to IP67 standards, it stands up to rain, mud, and rough terrain. When the road gets wild, it’s ready.
![Wild at Heart. Smart by Design</br>A removable quick-swappable battery pack gives you the chance to charge your way — on the bike or off it.]()
Wild at Heart. Smart by DesignA removable quick-swappable battery pack gives you the chance to charge your way — on the bike or off it.![An automotive-grade locking discharge plug keeps the connection secure through vibration, impact, and all rough terrain.]()
An automotive-grade locking discharge plug keeps the connection secure through vibration, impact, and all rough terrain.![The newly developed sleep mode minimizes power loss during long-term storage, so the battery stays ready when you are.</br>]()
The newly developed sleep mode minimizes power loss during long-term storage, so the battery stays ready when you are.
78.54V / 45Ah
battery capacity
3.53 kWh
semisolid-state battery
237 Wh/kg
pack energy density
320 Wh/kg
cell energy density
695 Wh/L
volumetric energy density
1,200-cycle
lifespan
3.8C
cell-level fast charging
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With intelligent control on your side, every rider can get closer to mastering the wheelie.
SWC System
Powered by an IMU, the SWC system monitors the bike’s pitch angle in real time and coordinates motor output in milliseconds for precise, stable control. Wheelies are no longer just a dream — try a bit different, they become more controlled, more predictable, and more confidence.
Usage Conditions
Note: N1 Beginner Mode is available at any battery level.
N2 Advanced Mode is available only when battery level is below 90%.
On the trail, SWC helps riders clear obstacles more effectively while also acting as an active anti-tip over function,
keeping your riding more manageable.
Control Every Detail. Own Every Ride.
![Three selectable levels let you quickly adapt to changing terrain,</br>helping reduce rear-wheel slip and keep power delivery more controlled.]( "SRTC Off-Road Traction Control")
SRTC Off-Road Traction ControlThree selectable levels let you quickly adapt to changing terrain,helping reduce rear-wheel slip and keep power delivery more controlled.
![Choose from smooth to aggressive power delivery to match your riding style, terrain, and state of mind.]( "3-Level Adjustable Throttle Range")
3-Level Adjustable Throttle RangeChoose from smooth to aggressive power delivery to match your riding style, terrain, and state of mind.
![Coast and recover energy at the same time. Regenerative braking helps recharge the battery while reducing load on the brake system.]( "Multi-Level Regenerative Braking")
Multi-Level Regenerative BrakingCoast and recover energy at the same time. Regenerative braking helps recharge the battery while reducing load on the brake system.
Auto Hold
Double-pull the brake lever to activate auto hold mode with ease.
Cruise Control
Available at speeds above 6.21mph making every day rides and city cruising more relaxed.
RBS (Regenerative Braking System)
Trigger brake or accelerate — all with one-finger control.
Performance Suspension System.
Balanced strength and compliance. Confident on all terrain.
The front fork tube diameter has been increased from 1.38in to 1.5in, with 7050/7075 aluminum alloy inner and outer tubes and suspension travel extended to 8.46 in it’s not just built to look good, it delivers where it matters. From hard braking into corners to landing jumps, you can feel the added control and confidence.
With Kashima coating, SKF oil seals, and a dual-chamber damping system with bottom-out protection, overall strength, rigidity, support, and smoothness are all taken to the next level.
Kashima coating uses a ceramic microporous structure infused with molybdenum disulfide lubricant for long-lasting lubrication, delivering smoother suspension action.
![improves handlebar mounting stability, while the optimized axle structure helps maintain front fork parallelism for smoother suspension compression and rebound.]( "The direct-mount handlebar clamp system")
The direct-mount handlebar clamp systemimproves handlebar mounting stability, while the optimized axle structure helps maintain front fork parallelism for smoother suspension compression and rebound.
A completely redesigned rear suspension linkage system
delivers a higher progression rate
softer in the initial stroke for improved bump absorption, and stronger in the later stroke for greater support under heavy loads and hard impacts. The rear shock has been enlarged and paired with a reinforced damping system for improved load capacity. It also features an upgraded spring material with fewer coils and lower weight, improving durability while maintaining spring rate over time.
The swingarm linkage system does more than improve progression. It also enhances water resistance at the pivot bearings, increases reliability, reduces the risk of failure, and improves rigidity and durability under extreme riding conditions.
![Lightweight performance opposed four-piston calipers deliver serious stopping power with better control and consistency. A 22/20 piston configuration provides strong, progressive braking force, while high-temperature sintered brake pads with a 0.55 friction coefficient help maintain performance under heat and repeated hard use. The thickened 8.66in diameter brake disc improves heat dissipation and structural strength, giving the system more confidence under demanding riding conditions. An ultra-light master cylinder and quick-adjust brake lever make braking easier, more precise, and more convenient on the move.]( "High-Performance Braking")
High-Performance BrakingLightweight performance opposed four-piston calipers deliver serious stopping power with better control and consistency. A 22/20 piston configuration provides strong, progressive braking force, while high-temperature sintered brake pads with a 0.55 friction coefficient help maintain performance under heat and repeated hard use. The thickened 8.66in diameter brake disc improves heat dissipation and structural strength, giving the system more confidence under demanding riding conditions. An ultra-light master cylinder and quick-adjust brake lever make braking easier, more precise, and more convenient on the move.![The wheel system has been upgraded once again for greater strength, rigidity, and visual impact. A 6061 forged hub paired with a 7116 rim delivers a lightweight yet highly durable structure. The ultra-light straight-pull spoke design uses manganese-steel spokes, with each spoke capable of withstanding up to 8,100 N of tensile force. The thickened hollow axle is made from 42CrMo alloy steel, supporting an extreme load of up to 40 kN while increasing rigidity by 150%. Higher-grade bearings further enhance durability and load capacity. The front wheel bearing load rating reaches 13 kN, an 83% increase, while the rear wheel bearing load rating reaches 28 kN (88% increase). The rear wheel also supports tires up to 5.12in wide, giving the bike stronger cornering potential on road surfaces and a more aggressive, powerful stance.]( "Upgraded Wheel System")
Upgraded Wheel SystemThe wheel system has been upgraded once again for greater strength, rigidity, and visual impact. A 6061 forged hub paired with a 7116 rim delivers a lightweight yet highly durable structure. The ultra-light straight-pull spoke design uses manganese-steel spokes, with each spoke capable of withstanding up to 8,100 N of tensile force. The thickened hollow axle is made from 42CrMo alloy steel, supporting an extreme load of up to 40 kN while increasing rigidity by 150%. Higher-grade bearings further enhance durability and load capacity. The front wheel bearing load rating reaches 13 kN, an 83% increase, while the rear wheel bearing load rating reaches 28 kN (88% increase). The rear wheel also supports tires up to 5.12in wide, giving the bike stronger cornering potential on road surfaces and a more aggressive, powerful stance.
Hardcore Drivetrain System
A two-stage gear-drive motor is engineered to withstand extreme torque loads and impact conditions up to five times higher, delivering the strength needed for serious riding. The system is paired with an upgraded 520-spec ultra-light high-strength O-ring sealed chain, with tensile strength rated at 36 kN. Even under heavy power delivery, it maintains the reliability and durability needed for long-term performance. High-grade long-life cylindrical roller bearings are used throughout the drivetrain, offering a load capacity up to three times greater than same-size ball bearings. A high-precision gear design significantly reduces transmission noise, creating a sound and ride feel that is tighter, smoother, and more refined.
Onboard Charger
The onboard charger is rated at 1,000 W, with peak charging power up to 1,200 W. In real-world testing under common ambient temperatures, peak charging power can be sustained for up to 30 minutes. Charging output is adjustable across multiple levels from 400 W to 1,200 W, allowing the system to adapt flexibly to different charging environments and power sources. The charger has been made even more compact without compromising power.
Small enough to be carried on the bike with ease, it fits directly into the dedicated under-seat compartment for convenient charging on the go. Park, plug in, charging— pack up, lock the compartment and ride away. The charger compartment giving one area two functions with no wasted room.
Trail-Blazing Headlight
The X version delivers 3,100 lumens of effective LED output, while the road legal version produces 2,500 lumens. With a wide-angle beam pattern, it gives you a clear view of the trail even during night rides. A professionally engineered lighting system combines high brightness, low power consumption, and strong heat dissipation, helping maintain consistent performance over extended use without noticeable drop-off in brightness. A dedicated lighting switch lets you adjust the beam to suit the ride — switch between high and low beam, adjust brightness, or turn the light on and off as needed.
![The 18W waterproof USB-C port lets you charge while you ride. Phone, action camera, earbuds, power bank — keep your essentials powered up without range anxiety of a different kind.]( "18W Waterproof USB-C Charging Port")
18W Waterproof USB-C Charging PortThe 18W waterproof USB-C port lets you charge while you ride. Phone, action camera, earbuds, power bank — keep your essentials powered up without range anxiety of a different kind.
Built-In Storage Space
The under-seat storage compartment gives you a convenient place to carry the onboard charger and other essentials.
![Tow straps, side bags, cargo racks — the rear expansion interface gives you more ways to carry gear and unlock more riding possibilities.]( "Rear Expansion Mounting Interface")
Rear Expansion Mounting InterfaceTow straps, side bags, cargo racks — the rear expansion interface gives you more ways to carry gear and unlock more riding possibilities.
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Smart control should feel effortless.
Your phone becomes the key. Your bike responds the way you want it to.
Next-Generation Connectivity
The new connected system supports three unlocking modes: mechanical key, smartphone Bluetooth key, and PIN code access. With the next-generation connected app — free for 2 years — full vehicle control is right in your hand. Adjust settings, check parameters, view motorcycle status, access riding data, and monitor your bike remotely, anytime and anywhere. Everything you need, right at your fingertips.
Every spec, right at your fingertips.
SURRON VISION Display
SURRON VISION Display features a 2.86-inch fully laminated TFT display , a 360 dpi retina-grade screen, and up to 1,000 nits of peak brightness. A fully laminated screen reduces refraction and glare, keeping ride data clear and easy to read in changing light conditions. Built with an aluminum alloy mid-frame, the display is strong, lightweight, fast-dissipating, and resistant to damage — ready to ride as hard as the bike does. Deeply integrated with the control system, it brings a wide range of riding and motorcycle data into one compact interface. Small in size. Complete in function. More than a screen — it is the interaction center of the entire bike.
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True quality is forged through trial. Real trust is earned through service.
Rigorous R&D Testing
More than 50 test motorcycles were put through an extensive validation program, including:
![off-road test validation]( "3106.86 mi")
3106.86 mioff-road test validation![road test</br>validation]( "12427.42 mi")
12427.42 miroad testvalidation![huge drop and jump tests]( "10,000")
10,000huge drop and jump tests![continuous high-load bench testing]( "200 hours")
200 hourscontinuous high-load bench testing![drivetrain impact tests]( "10,000")
10,000drivetrain impact tests![off-road track jump</br>testing]( "200 hours")
200 hoursoff-road track jumptesting
With more than 18 months of full-bike and component validation, Light Bee 2 is tested far beyond ordinary industry standards. Every bike carries years of Surron’s accumulated engineering expertise, technical development, and proven reputation for quality.
![With in-house qualification capability, legal registration support where applicable, and a comprehensive after-sales service network, Surron builds trust through long-standing professional support and a top-tier reputation in the industry.</br>From city commuting to backcountry exploration, you focus on the ride. Let Light Bee 2 handle the rest.]( "Reliable After-Sales Support<span>Proven Professional Service</span>")
Reliable After-Sales SupportProven Professional ServiceWith in-house qualification capability, legal registration support where applicable, and a comprehensive after-sales service network, Surron builds trust through long-standing professional support and a top-tier reputation in the industry.From city commuting to backcountry exploration, you focus on the ride. Let Light Bee 2 handle the rest.
Global Certification. Quality Without Borders.
Light Bee 2 has passed vehicle and electrical safety certifications across multiple markets, providing added assurance for rider safety, product quality, and long-term confidence.
Dimension Specifications
Power System
Performance
Tire Type
Frame Type
Assist Functions
*Range and max speed parameters vary by factors like load, temperature, speed, terrain, etc. The above parameters are measured under conditions with rider weight 70kg, ambient temperature 27°C, speed 40km/h, dry and flat road.